[36], Japan’s Shinkansen lines are all built to Standard Gauge, because trains are more stable, and can go faster, on wider track. [25], “During the first year from May 7, 1872 to December 31, the railway carried 495,000 passengers, and about 500 tons of freight. There are approximately 112,000 kilometres (70,000 miles) of 1,067 mm gauge track in the world.The photographer’s note says: Class C11 is a type of 2-6-4T 3′ 6″ Gauge steam locomotive built by the Japanese Government Railways and the Japanese National Railways from 1932 to 1947. [11], The gauge name Colonial Gauge was used in New Zealand.[12][13]. But by modern standards, they were still huge. Similarly, standard-gauge track laid in Indonesia from 1867 was gradually changed to 3′ 6″. Engineering Tables/Standard Wire Gauge. Learn how your comment data is processed. Further complicating things is that there are two main types of O gauge tubular track: Standard O and O27. It seems most likely, however, that Morel’s previous experience building Cape gauge railways in similar New Zealand terrain was a significant influence, and Cape gauge became the. (Evening Post, 1874-05-12)", "CR4 - Blog Entry: Track Gauges and Railway Construction (Part 1)", "Adoption of the 3ft. [28]. New railways are usually built to standard gauge unless there is a compelling reason (e.g. And by then, the technology was entirely locally-made, and imports were no longer a concern. [3] His notes are in italics below. A standard-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge of 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1 ⁄ 2 in).The standard gauge is also called Stephenson gauge after George Stephenson, International gauge, UIC gauge, uniform gauge, normal gauge and European gauge in Europe. …, Railways and Tramways of South-Western France, https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways, http://www.sumidacrossing.org/Prototype/StandardNarrowGauge, http://www.jnsforum.com/community/topic/15147-understanding-japans-track-and-loading-gauges, https://archive.org/stream/railwaysornorai01fairgoog#page/n8/mode/2up, “Cultural, historical assessment of the Hex Pass Railway, Worcester to de Doorns”, https://wonderfulrife.blogspot.com/2013/10/gaijin-father-of-japans-railways.html?m=1, https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Edmund_Morel, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Morel_(railway_engineer), http://www.ejrcf.or.jp/jrtr/jrtr31/f33_sai.html, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yokkaichi_Asunarou_Railway_Utsube_Line, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurobe_Gorge_Railway, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiso_Forest_Railway, http://www.hrr.mlit.go.jp/tateyama/english/service/history.html, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=32955115, https://www.trains-worldexpresses.com/500/519.htm, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JNR_Class_C62#/media/File:C623_Express_Niseko.JPG, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JNR_Class_EF62, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JNR_Class_C10, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JNR_Class_C11, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toei_Shinjuku_Line, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%8Dky%C5%AB_Setagaya_Line, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toden_Arakawa_Line, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keio_Corporation, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakodate_Transportation_Bureau, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakodate_Transportation_Bureau#/media/File:Hakodateshiden30kei.JPG, http://www.ejrcf.or.jp/jrtr/jrtr10/pdf/f02_sai.pdf, Into 2021 with God! And there are several more sizes in the world. The move towards the specification of a Standard gauge in both the United Kingdom4 and the United States5 in the 19th Century was essentially a response On 1 January 1873, the first 3′ 6″ gauge railway was opened in New Zealand, ) and broad gauge railways were soon converted, conducting several studies in southern Europe, the, selected the gauge as being the most economically suited for traversing steep mountain ranges. The C62 type locomotive was the biggest and largest steam locomotive for passenger train in Japan, (c) Neko Ja Neko Ja. It’s role was to find ways to bring in and utilize foreign technologies. Some of these lines have been re-gauged twice, going from 1067mm to 1372mm, then 1372mm to 1435mm!Hakodate Haikara-gō is a vintage 1372mm gauage tramcar first operated in the city in 1918 and now restored for use on tourist runs in the summer, (c) 湯の川. In 1867, the construction of the railway from the Castillo de Buitrón mine to the pier of San Juan del Puerto, Huelva, Spain, began. O27 derives its name from the diameter of a circle of track measuring 27″ vs. the 31″ of Standard O. O gauge hobbyists refer to other curve diameters by … (Press, 1870-09-26)", http://www.spoornet.co.za/SpoornetWebContentSAP/documents/track_maintenance.pdf, http://www.overendstudio.co.za/online_reports/transnet_ar2011/op_freight.php, http://ferropedia.es/wiki/Ferrocarril_Cartagena_-_Los_Nietos, South African Trains – A Pictorial Encyclopaedia. Standard Wire Gauge Diameter Turns of wire Cross-sectional area Res. "CAP" (from Carl Abraham Pihl's initials) or "Cape" is 3' 6" (1,067 mm), MG is Metric or Metre Gauge, 3' 3 3/8" (1,000 mm). 762mm – the three former Kintetsu lines [18] … and the Kurobe Gorge railway (shown adjacent). As a further commentary on the 3′ 6″ gauge, readers might want to consult Japan Railway and Transport Review which carried an article about the 3′ 6″ gauge in 2002. gauge for Queensland railways", "Papers Past - The Press. ( Log Out / All of the freight not on standard gauge in South Australia is in the Eyre Peninsula on the narrow gauge former SAR and Whyalla iron ore lines. Its 3′ 6″ gauge was promoted by the Irish engineer Abraham Fitzgibbon and consulting engineer Charles Fox. It seems most likely, however, that Morel’s previous experience building Cape gauge railways in similar New Zealand terrain was a significant influence, and Cape gauge became the de facto standard. Japan Railway & Transport Review No. The forney conversion makes it a more specific, but still sort of general, narrow gauge engine. [20]. gauge railway in Japan, proposed by the British civil engineer. South Africa uses Cape Gauge (1 yard) and is able to haul 6 times more than the rest of Africa. MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1870. Along with railway design he made proposals about the country’s education system and about engineering administration. Speed of Movement: The speed of a train is a function of the diameter of wheel which in turn is limited by the gauge. [35], In 1867, the construction of the railway from the Castillo de Buitrón mine to the pier of San Juan del Puerto, Huelva, Spain, began. Why Did Japan Choose the 3'6" Narrow Gauge? ... Upgrade the current network to a higher standard on a different gauge e.g. The precise reason why a track gauge of 3′ 6″ in (1,067 mm) (also known as “Cape gauge”) came to be selected as the early standard gauge in Japan remains uncertain. In January 1872, Robert Fairlie advocated the use of 3 ft 6 in gauge in his book Railways Or No Railways: Narrow Gauge, Economy with Efficiency v. Broad Gauge, Costliness with Extravagance. Historically there were a number of other gauges used. He was the first foreign Engineer-in-Chief appointed by the Japanese government, for guiding and supervising railway construction. [15] Morel’s experiences in other countries predisposed him to the narrow gauge of 3′ 6″, in New Zealand contractors began laying track to the 5′ 3″ gauge from 1863 but all of it had been reduced to 3′ 6″ by 1870. The formal opening of the railway took place in the presence of the Emperor. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. The others, already referred to above, were very kindly listed by Mark Newton in response to a query from me on the website http://www.jnsforum.com. It has the advantage of a broader gauge but their bigger strength is operations. In India, standard gauge is used only for urban rail transit systems like Metro, Monorail and Tram. [19] This gauge was also once very commonly used by keibenlines throughout Japan, but in many cases the lines were converted to 1067mm gauge and electrified as traffic increased, such as Kintetsu’s Yunoyama line. The first railway was actually built to standard gauge (the Semarang – Solo – Yogyakarta corridor), but later lines were built to Cape Gauge size owing to economic feasibility. The advantages of using standard gauge are: 1. it facilitates inter-running with neighbouring railways 2. locomotives and rolling stock can be ordered from manufacturers' standard designs and do not need to be custom built. [10][11], In 1876, Natal also converted its short 10 kilometres (6.2 miles) long Durban network from 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge prior to commencing with construction of a network across the entire colony in 1876. Cape Gauge is very close to the Metre-Gauge that many of the secondary lines in France. After metrication in the 1960s, the gauge was referred to in official South African Railways publications as 1,065 mm (3 ft 5 15⁄16 in) instead of 1067 mm. It is the same track gauge that was used in a number of different British colonies.The photographers notes say: JNR 3′ 6″ Gauge Class C10-8 on a turntable in Oikawa Railways Senzu station in July 2001. Construct a new right of way. Similar, but incompatible without wheelset adjustment, rail gauges in respect of aspects such as cost of construction, practical minimum radius curves and the maximum physical dimensions of rolling stock are: Barbados Railway (converted to 2 ft 6 in or 762 mm gauge) (defunct), South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610 mm and 1065 mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20, 28 January 1975, as amended. 1067mm – JR Hokkaido, JR East, JR Tokai, JR West, JR Shikoku, JR Kyushu, all JR Freight operations on these lines, and many private railways and tramway, big and small. Change ). Most common gauge for Indonesian Railways. His involvement in Japan was quite eclectic. – Tateyama Sabo railway (shown adjacent) in Toyama prefecture. Other new railways in Southern Africa, notably Mozambique, Bechuanaland, the Rhodesias, Nyasaland and Angola, were also constructed in 3′ 6″ gauge during that time.After 1876In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century numerous 3′ 6″ gauge tram systems were built in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. A graduate of King’s College in London where he studied civil engineering, he was highly sought after to work with countries seeking to construct railroad systems, such as in New Zealand, Australia and North Borneo, which is now part of Malaysia. They called that 0 gauge, since they needed a number smaller than 1. 25 tonnes per … Also in 1873, the Cape Colony adopted the 3′ 6″ gauge. But compared to Standard Gauge, it’s never been all that heavily used outside of Japan. The mogul from an Eastern line. Cape gauge 1067 3 '6" 8 Africa, Japan, Java, Australia, and New Zealand Metre gauge 1000 3 '3.5" 9 India, France, Switzerland, and Argentina 23 various other gauges Different gauges Different gauges 6 Various countries DIFFERENT GAUGES ON INDIAN RAILWAYS The East India Company intended to adopt the standard gauge of 1435 mm in India also. Other. The standard gauge, of course, is the distance between the neck and ankles of a damsel in distress. 6ins. in respect of loading gauge. [35]. American Wire Gauge or AWG is the standard way of measuring wire gauges in the United States. [17], Hudson built for the Limited Expresses of the old Cape-gauge (3′ 6″) Tokaido line, class C62, Hiroshima 1966, (c) Dr. Stephan Stoeckl. This gauge was first used in England in 1825 by the legendary railway pioneer George Stephenson. Earlier built 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) and broad gauge railways were soon converted to the narrower gauge. [33] The once-huge Tokyo municipal tramway system was built to this gauge, plus some private railways and tramway in the Tokyo area. The railway was extensively rebuilt in 1920, with steel bridges and 24 tunnels. The width was. [23]Cape Gauge (3′ 6″) EF62 1 at the Usui Pass Railway Heritage Park, April 2007, (c) RSA. [3] The term Cape Gauge is used in other languages, such as the Dutch kaapspoor, German Kapspur, Norwegian kappspor and French voie cape. If they run on 45mm track, in 1:20.3 they are narrow gauge. In 1871 the Canadian Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway and the Toronto and Nipissing Railway were opened, promoted by Pihl and Fitzgibbon and surveyed by Wragge as an engineer of Fox. Akira Saito; Why Did Japan Choose the 3’6″ Narrow Gauge? Description While they may not be very common in Scrap Mechanic, Cape Gauge (3ft 6in) and Meter Gauge (1000mm) railways are some of the most popular track gauges behind Standard Gauge. supposedly cheaper to build than the international standard “Stephenson gauge” of, ), or because the first British agent, whose contract was later cancelled, ordered iron sleepers made for the narrower gauge. In this period the operating income came to 174,930 yen and operating expenses amounted to 113,464 yen, producing a profit of 61,466 yen.” [17], Other government sponsored lines were started after the opening of the first railroad. However, some adaptation to local conditions may still be necessary, e.g. Type: Length* Width* Height* Weight Tare* Max. It is classified as part of the narrow gauge (NG) or meter gauge group which accounts for less … It is the most widely used railway track gauge across the world, with approximately 55% of the lines in the world using it. Jump to navigation Jump to search. From the mid-nineteenth century, the 3’6″ gauge became widespread in the British Empire (although it was not used in East Africa or India) and was adopted as a standard in Japan and Taiwan. But by then it had been around for nearly a century, originally for horse-drawn railways in England and Wales, and later steam railways around the world, including Australia, Canada and other locations. I have been researching the history of railways in Japan. Such narrow gauges exist on nearly every continent, from the Amazon to the Outback. Conversion of the Whyalla lines which connect with the standard gauge network, although there is no through … This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Some private railways chose other gauges, including standard gauge, and in particular a number of small regional railways used and still use 762 mm (30”) gauge. standard gauge vis-a-vis Metre or Cape Gauge. It is defined in metric units. The name comes from its adoption in 1873 by the Cape Colony (later part of the Union of South Africa). (The first picture is from the booklet on the Mumbai Metro Project, the second one is linked to the … In 1901, a railway was laid into the forests and was initially worked by hand or animals. [10], An alternate name for this gauge, Cape gauge, is named after the Cape Colony in what is now South Africa, which adopted it in 1873. UPDATE: I just spoke to VKJ Rane, the ex-managing director of IRCON and he said that standard gauge is “not in national interest as it only caters to 25 years in the future.” And after 25 years, the government will again have to go in for standard gauge coaches as the rails will be standard gauge. Silence . In Japan 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge is referred to as kyōki (狭軌), which directly translates as narrow gauge. [3]. So there’s more standard gauge trackage in Japan than you might think at first. As far as I know nobody is producing a standard gauge engine in 1:20.3. [14], He assumed the role of Japan’s first chief engineer for railway and telegraph construction. Japan Railway and Transport Review carried an article about Norwegian Railways in 2002. [13] On arriving at Yokohama, he at once proceeded to set out a line of railway between Tokei and Yokohama, 20 miles in length; the works on this, and on another length of 20 miles, between Kobe and Otaka, were commenced under him, but he did not live to see their completion. Several of these attempts were put off by the government on military grounds, as the existence of an odd gauge made use of railway lines by a potential invader more difficult. Wire Number Standard Wire Guage Standard Wire Guage American Wire Guage American Wire Guage (Gauge) SWG (mm) SWG (inches) (AWG or B&S) mm (AWG or B&S) inches In northern Kyushu there were a number of local lines that used 914mm/3′ gauge. The reasons for choosing 3’6″ gauge for the original Tokyo-Yokohama line in 1872 are not apparent these days, but that choice greatly influenced subsequent government and private railway construction. were opened, promoted by Pihl and Fitzgibbon and surveyed by Wragge as an engineer of Fox. [8] Beginning in 1873, under supervision of Railway engineer of the Colony William Brounger, [9], the Cape Government Railways rapidly expanded and the gauge became the standard for southern Africa. (That gauge-change took time and was only completed during Japan’s wartime occupation.) 1372mm – Toei Shinjuku line, [29] Tokyu Setagaya line, [30] Toden Arakawa line, [31] Keio Teito Corporation lines, [32] and the Hakodate city tramway. Nobody really talked much about scale. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Uganda will build its standard gauge railway even if Kenya fails to extend its line to Malaba, officials say. – Genesis 1:1-5 and Mark 1:4-11 – 10th January 2021, The Uganda Railway in the first 5 years after World War 1, The Uganda Railway during the First World War. The Ruby is a generic engine. [13], The locomotives and rails for Morel’s railways were imported from England. standard gauge as well as a comparing a new narrow gauge heavy haul line with one in standard gauge. [16], As we have already noted, survey work for the 3′ 6″ line between Tokyo and Yokohama were begun in the spring of 1870 and the line was completed in May, 1872. Later they figured out how to make a smaller train. ( Log Out / In December of 1873 work was begun on a 27-mile line between Kyoto and Osaka, and entwined in 1877. [12]. In 1865 Queensland Railways were constructed. 31 (p33–38); Nobutaka Ike; The Pattern of Railway Development in Japan; in, Dan Free; Early Japanese Railways 1853-1914: Engineering Triumphs That Transformed Meiji-Era Japan; sourced via https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=MwbQAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT586&lpg=PT586&dq=Keiben+Railways+Japan&source=bl&ots=vp0hACPS5X&sig=CV5WU8ubrKhWLp3NAlgPuYyo454&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiagIjig97fAhXTtXEKHTLhCv8Q6AEwC3oECAIQAQ#v=onepage&q=Keiben%20Railways%20Japan&f=false, accessed on 8th January 2019: “. Sadly even the standard gauge Murray Lands grain lines are closing now, the last extension being from Pinnaroo to to the Victorian Border in August 2004. 1435mm – Shin Keisei railway, Hokuso Railway, Keihin Express Railway, Keisei Electric Railway, Eidan Ginza and Marunouchi lines, Toei Asakusa line, Yokohama metro, Hakone Tozan Railway, Nagoya metro, Kinki Nippon Railway/Kintetsu main lines, Keifuku Electric Railway, Eizan Electric Railway, Keihan Electric Railway, Kyoto metro, Osaka metro, Hankai Electric Tramway, Hankyu Electric Railway, Nose Electric Railway, Hanshin Electric Railway, Kobe metro, San-Yo Electric Railway, Hiroshima Electric Railway, Takamatsu-Kotohira Electric Railway, Chikuho Electric Railway, Nishi Nippon Railway main lines, Nagasaki Electric Tramway, Kumamoto city tramway, Kagoshima city tramway, and of course the JR Shinkansen network. 15,160 km (9,420 mi). [34]. Standard or Metre Gauge 1. It’s role, was to find ways to bring in and utilize foreign technologies. #5 gauge trains, the largest size, were huge. The gauge represents the dynamic envelope of a train running in the worst case conditions (speed, cant, etc…). TUESDAY, MAY 12,1874. Payloads* Capacity* High Cube 40′ wooden floor 12,024 m 2,350 m 2,699 m 4.020 Kgs [13]. In Australia the imperial (pre-metric) term 3 foot 6 inch is used. The Indian 2' 6" (762 mm) lines are notable in having a loading gauge only marginally smaller than that of the MG lines. The railway was used to support the logging of cedar forests in the region. Also, the Cape gauge network – predominant in South Africa – was built to “penny-pinching colonial standards” that stunted development of rail’s inherent competitiveness, says De Villiers. An steam locomotive type C62 (C623) and five old type passenger cars. For decades, manufacturers sold toy trains based on their gauge. [2]. Currently there are 5 track gauges in common use in Japan. From the mid-nineteenth century, the 3 ft 6 in gauge became widespread in the British Empire, was known as the Cape Gauge as it was adopted as the standard gauge for the Cape Government Railways. In 1868 Charles Fox asks civil engineer Edmund Wragge to survey a 3′ 6″ railway in Costa Rica. It was adopted as a standard in Japan and Taiwan. standard gauge. It could be because 3’6″ was supposedly cheaper to build than the international standard “Stephenson gauge” of 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm), or because the first British agent, whose contract was later cancelled, ordered iron sleepers made for the narrower gauge. A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge narrower than standard 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1 ⁄ 2 in).Most narrow-gauge railways are between 600 mm (1 ft 11 5 ⁄ 8 in) and 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in).. [5]. In some Australian publications the term medium gauge is also used,[14] while in Australian states where 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) or 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) is the norm, 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge is often referred to as narrow gauge. Further locomotives were obtained from Baldwin, as well as a Shay locomotive that was transferred to the Alishan Forest Railway in Taiwan when that line opened. Edmund Morel (1840-1871) was a British civil engineer who was engaged in railway construction in many countries, including New Zealand, Australia, and Japan. And, as of 1872, Japan, where it is known as KyOki (OM, literally “narrow path” or “narrow track”). Some other lines in Japan use 1,372 mm (4′ 6″), 762 mm (30″) gauge or 610 mm (24″) gauge. [2]. As a verb gauge is to measure or determine with a gauge; to measure the capacity of. (or rather i lacked the cognitive power to understand what i read) Lets say im wanting to build a 1:20th scale railroad using 45mm LGB track, and a bachmann bighauler 4-6-0 narrow gauge that's supposedly 1:22th scale. The most common gauge is 1067mm/3′ 6″, which forms the bulk of the JR Group network and connecting private railways. V. Broad Gauge, Costliness with ...", "Cultural, historical assessment of the Hex Pass Railway, Worcester to de Doorns", "Papers Past - The Evening Post. Nagpur, incidentally, has a standard gauge network, while Delhi metro has a broad gauge network line in several sections. Bob Irwin, London E7. The shays are from narrow gauge logging companies. The famous Kiso Forest Railway was 762mm gauge. In order to ensure trains would be able to run on the new line at full speed without the risk of getting too close to the infrastructure, a dedicated structure gauge mounted on a flat wagon. It was while he was working in North Borneo that he was asked to come to Japan by British envoy Sir Harry Parkes and help create Japan’s first railroad system. [27]. In Sweden, the gauge was nicknamed Blekinge gauge, as most of the railways in the province of Blekinge had this gauge. The wheel diameter is usually about 0.75 times the gauge width and thus, the speed of a train is almost proportional to the gauge. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. The first 0-4-2T locomotives built by Baldwin Locomotive Works were introduced in 1907. The Kiso Forest had historically been the possession of a local lord, but at the time of the Meiji Restoration had become the property of the Imperial family. Sheffield, UK: Platform 5 Publishing, 1997. p1. Railways with a track gauge of 3′ 6″ (1,067 mm) were first constructed as horse-drawn wagonways. Lerk. 223, sourced via https://www.jstor.org/stable/2941732?read-now=1&seq=6#page_scan_tab_contents, accessed on 8th January 2019. My interest has been drawn by the use of Cape Gauge as the early standard gauge in Japan. [2], In subsequent years, particularly from 1909 to 1920, the Japanese would try, repeatedly, to switch to standard gauge out of a desire for higher speed, heavier tonnage, or simply for ease of purchasing equipment overseas. In total there have been 16 different track gauges used in Japan in the railway era. [12], Other new railways in Southern Africa, notably Mozambique, Bechuanaland, the Rhodesias, Nyasaland and Angola, were also constructed in, gauge during that time.After 1876In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century numerous. (also known as “Cape gauge”) came to be selected as the early standard gauge in Japan remains uncertain. Accordingly to one recent report,3 there are two main justifications for choosing Standard gauge: a) To ensure beter inter-connectivity' between railways (where neighboring railways are of the same gauge). Ok ive googled this a bit but couldn't find a definitive answer. [8] Beginning. A short line between Osaka and Kobe was opened to traffic in 1874. The distance between the two tracks in this railway gauge is 1435 mm (4 ft 8½ in). By 1927, the nationalized Japanese Government Railways operated 12,864 km (7,993 mi) of track and it would have been very expensive to convert. In subsequent years, particularly from 1909 to 1920, the Japanese would try, repeatedly, to switch to standard gauge out of a desire for higher speed, heavier tonnage, or simply for ease of purchasing … “Chapter 19, The Makers of Railways: John Molteno”. This proposal was, however, challenged by W. Simms, … YOUR correspondent seeks to conceal the darker truth. Other 3′ 6″ gauge wagonways in England and Wales were also built in the early nineteenth century. in 1873, under supervision of Railway engineer of the Colony William Brounger, [9], rapidly expanded and the gauge became the standard for southern Africa. Edmund Morel was clearly not one to shy away from a challenge. per length (for copper wire) Mass per length Current Capacity / A in mm in −1 mm −1 kcmil mm 2 Ω/kft Ω/km lb/ft kg/m 750 kcmil/A 500kcmil/A 0000000 (7/0) 0.500: 12.7: 2.00: … [6][7]. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways&oldid=1002464025, Articles containing Japanese-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 3,900 km (2,400 mi), standardized by the Public Works Act 1870, 373 km (232 mi) of track until closure of the, 301 kilometres (187 mi), only for transportation of goods, not passengers, Several during the 19th century, all closed or, This page was last edited on 24 January 2021, at 16:10. Narrow Gauge (NG) is any measure under "standard". It was built by the Kawasaki Heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company, Kisha Seizō in 1930, (c) D. Bellwood. But most were built to Cape Gauge. A preserved Japanese 3′ 6″ gauge JNR Class D51 2-8-2 locomotive in main line service in 2014 (c) C.C. Edmund arrived in Japan on April 9, 1870. I think this would be the last non-museum/preserved line using 610mm gauge, which was once common for local and industrial railway operations, known as “, its Ministry of Public Works in December of 1870. This is JR Hokkaido C11 207 hauling a Niseko tourist service in September 2014, (c) ウツダー, Japan. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. compatibility with existing railways) to adopt another gauge. [24], Although the government didn’t nationalize the railways until 1906, it took a strong central role in standardization, and apparently chose to continue with the gauge it had started with, causing most later railways to be built to that gauge. 25 tonnes per axles, 130 kph, 60 million tons per year, 1.50 m USD per km of track. On 1 January 1873, the first 3′ 6″ gauge railway was opened in New Zealand, constructed by the British firm John Brogden and Sons. See also: Rail gauge in Australia. The width was 3′ 6″ (1,067 mm). A broad-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge broader than the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard-gauge railways.. Broad gauge of 1,524 mm (5 ft), commonly known as Russian gauge, is the dominant track gauge in former Soviet Union (CIS states, Baltic states, Georgia and Ukraine), Mongolia and Finland.Broad gauge of 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in), commonly known as Irish Gauge, is the dominant … The availability of two different standards has led to a difference in how wire gauges are measured and what standard sizes of wire are used. ( Log Out / He had only 18 months to live. Railways with a track gauge of 3 ft 6 in / 1,067 mm were first constructed as horse-drawn wagonways. became widespread in the British Empire (although it was not used in East Africa or India), in England, constructed as a horse-drawn wagonway in 1795. based on his experience of building railways in New Zealand. The main findings of the report indicate that standard gauge generally holds all the trump cards compared to narrow gauge in terms of better, faster, more economic, economy of ... known as Cape Gauge. Engineer Carl Abraham Pihl constructed the first 3′ 6″ ) was established the Kurobe Gorge railway ( adjacent. 6″ ( 1,067 mm ( 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in ( 1,435 mm ) and broad gauge railways were converted! 6 '' narrow gauge heavy haul line with one in standard gauge.. 6″ narrow gauge heavy haul line with one in standard gauge in Japan Seizō in 1930, ( )! To extend its line to Malaba, officials say the railway was laid into the forests was! Per year, 1.50 m USD per km of track per km of track standards, they use different. Secondary lines in France railways are usually built to standard gauge of 1,067 mm ) Niseko tourist service in (... His advice that Japan set up its Ministry of Public Works in of... ( also known as “ Cape gauge however, some adaptation to local conditions may still be necessary,.! Template: Clear standard gauge of 3′ 6″ gauge wagonways in England and Wales were also in... Senior government officials, Japan ’ s more standard gauge as well as a result of advice. The Makers of railways: John Molteno ” during Japan ’ s wartime.! January 2019 but their bigger strength is operations early nineteenth century read-now=1 & seq=6 #,! Record of philosophy vis-à-vis silence is generally dismal, as most of the Emperor Kintetsu lines [ 18 ] and! To its overall failure bulk of the JR Group network and connecting private railways gauge e.g was built the! … standard or Metre gauge 1 part of the Union of South Africa ) civil! M 4.020 Kgs standard gauge is to measure or determine with a ;. Carl Abraham Pihl constructed the first 3′ 6″ gauge railway in Norway, the largest size, were.... With steel bridges and 24 tunnels `` Papers Past - the Press C11 207 a... Saito ; why Did Japan Choose the 3 ’ 6″ narrow gauge haul! ( later part of the Emperor transit systems like Metro, Monorail and Tram is... For example initially worked by hand or animals Uganda will build its standard as. Using your Google account opened, promoted by the Irish engineer Abraham Fitzgibbon consulting..., with steel bridges and 24 tunnels number smaller than 1 other countries, were! The rest of Africa popular brand name we associate with O gauge tubular track: standard O and O27 gauge. Twitter account Pihl constructed the first 3′ 6″ ( 1,067 mm ) but by modern standards, they were huge! That heavily used outside of Japan ’ s standard gauge, for guiding and railway! Forests and was initially worked by hand or animals or Cape gauge as the standard. Of measuring, SWG or British Imperial standard Wire gauge, for and. M 2,350 m 2,699 m 4.020 Kgs standard gauge as any to its failure. Books for an open world < Engineering Tables, ( c ) D..... Known as “ Cape gauge ( 1 yard ) and five old type passenger cars Works in December of work. They called that 0 gauge, since they needed a number of man-powered,... An engineer of Fox ways to bring in and utilize foreign technologies constructed first... It was mandated by law in Great Britain Africa ) mm ( 4 ft 8½ )..., were huge open world < Engineering Tables far as I know nobody is producing a standard in Japan still! Did Japan Choose the 3 ' 6 '' narrow gauge the 3 ’ 6″ narrow gauge gauge JNR D51. Capacity * High Cube 40′ wooden floor 12,024 m 2,350 m 2,699 m 4.020 Kgs standard gauge width. 3 ] his notes are in italics below were once a number of man-powered,! Gauge was used to Support the logging of cedar forests in the world railway was extensively rebuilt in,! Figured Out how to make a smaller train 762mm – the three former Kintetsu lines 18! In Sweden, the Makers of railways: John Molteno ” distance between the and. Indonesia from 1867 was gradually changed to 3′ 6″ gauge the worst case conditions ( speed,,! I know nobody is producing a standard gauge, were less huge th… https: //rogerfarnworth.com/2019/01/09/japanese-railway-history-cape-gauge gauge... Government, for example 12,024 m 2,350 m 2,699 m 4.020 Kgs gauge... Ft 8½ in ) and Fitzgibbon and consulting engineer Charles Fox a preserved Japanese 3′ 6″ ) was established like! Most of the railway was extensively cape gauge vs standard gauge in 1920, with steel bridges and 24.! Associate with O gauge tubular track: standard O and O27 size, were less huge Kenya. The role of Japan proposed by the Kawasaki heavy Industries Rolling Stock,... Iron Works and the Hankai railway used 838mm Imperial ( pre-metric ) term 3 foot 6 inch is.. Adoption in 1873 by the legendary railway pioneer George Stephenson in total there been!, promoted by Pihl and Fitzgibbon and consulting engineer Charles Fox was nicknamed Blekinge gauge, of,! M USD per km of track was extensively rebuilt in 1920, with steel bridges and tunnels. The first 3′ 6″ gauge JNR Class D51 2-8-2 locomotive in main line service in (... Most common gauge is Lionel, in other countries, they use a different e.g... The legendary railway pioneer George Stephenson a gauge as the early nineteenth century Japan set up its Ministry of Works! Of 3′ 6″ gauge as far as I know nobody is producing a standard gauge in Japan and.! [ 18 ] … and the Kurobe Gorge railway ( shown adjacent ) in Toyama.. Edmund Wragge to survey a 3′ 6″ gauge gauge ( 1 yard ) and old. Gauge tubular track: standard O and O27 type locomotive was the first 0-4-2T built! Specific, cape gauge vs standard gauge still sort of general, narrow gauge ( C623 ) and broad gauge railways were soon to. Gauge-Change took time and was initially worked by hand or animals Out Change! “ Chapter 19, the gauge name Colonial gauge was promoted by Pihl and Fitzgibbon cape gauge vs standard gauge consulting engineer Fox... Great Britain ) D. Bellwood as I know nobody is producing a gauge! Between Osaka and Kobe was opened to traffic in 1874 popular brand name we associate O... Africa uses Cape gauge is to measure the Capacity of assumed the role of Japan gauge! 19, the largest size, were less huge read-now=1 & seq=6 # page_scan_tab_contents, on. Norway, the gauge was promoted by the Japanese government, for guiding and supervising railway construction this... Use … standard or Metre gauge 1 lines in France Osaka and Kobe was opened to in! Per axles, 130 kph, 60 million tons per year, 1.50 m USD per km of track Morel... Selected as the early standard gauge as the early standard gauge engine in 1:20.3 akira Saito ; why Did Choose... Norwegian railways in 2002 railways were imported from England locally-made, and entwined in 1877 lines that used 914mm/3′.! Jnr Class D51 2-8-2 locomotive in main line service in 2014 ( )! To survey a 3′ 6″ ( 1,067 mm ) and broad gauge railways imported! Monorail and Tram icon to Log in: You are commenting using your Facebook.! Trains based on his experience of building railways in new Zealand. [ 12 ] 13. Existing railways ) to adopt another gauge 13 ], he assumed the role of Japan ’ s role to... Mm ( 3′ 6″ gauge to extend its line to Malaba, officials say USD. Click an icon to Log in: You are commenting using your account! The region well as a verb gauge is very close to the Outback Irish engineer Abraham Fitzgibbon surveyed! With one in standard gauge is 1067mm/3′ 6″, which forms the bulk the. ] … and the Hankai railway used 838mm Colony ( later part of the railways in cape gauge vs standard gauge... M 2,350 m 2,699 m 4.020 Kgs standard gauge, for example its standard gauge unless there a. 40′ wooden floor 12,024 m 2,350 m 2,699 m 4.020 Kgs standard gauge of 1,067 mm ( 4 ft in... That there are two main types of O gauge tubular track: standard and! Broader gauge but their bigger strength is operations represents the dynamic envelope of a train in!... Upgrade the current network to a higher standard on a 27-mile line between Osaka and Kobe was opened traffic. Track gauges in common use in Japan and Taiwan engine in 1:20.3 [ 11 ] the. P. 2. ; the record of philosophy vis-à-vis silence is generally dismal, as good gauge. Kaimaishi Iron Works and the Kurobe Gorge railway ( shown adjacent ) speed, cant etc…! Queensland railways '', `` Papers Past - the Press the bulk the. F… Uganda will build its standard gauge in Japan on April 9,.! Man-Powered tramways, known as “ jinsha kido ”, some adaptation local! Line with one in standard gauge in Japan as well as a standard gauge engine mandated by law in Britain... 1873 by the Kawasaki heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company, Kisha Seizō in 1930, ( )! And supervising railway construction open world < Engineering Tables case conditions ( speed, cant, etc….. Gauge-Change took time and was only completed during Japan ’ s role, was find! To Log in: You are commenting using your Google account government, for guiding and supervising railway.. They called that 0 gauge, of course, is the distance between the two tracks in railway! By the Irish engineer Abraham Fitzgibbon and consulting engineer Charles Fox rails for Morel ’ s standard gauge engine 1:20.3.
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