These assumptions tied in well with the contemporary political context of ongoing Germanization efforts in German Poland. He left the university in 1871 without taking Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz (n.5 de mai de 1846 en Wola Okrzejska, m. 15 de novembre de 1916 en Vevey, Soïssa) foguèt un escrivan polonés.Recebèt lo Prèmi Nobel de Literatura en 1905.. Biografia. Nobel Media AB 2021. "[27], His social and political activities resulted in a diminished literary output. [17] It ran in The Word from December 1884 to September 1886. [11] He traveled via London to New York and then on to San Francisco, staying for some time in California. Dobrzyński” (ur. Twelve laureates were awarded a Nobel Prize in 2020, for achievements that have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, [ˈxɛnrɨk ˈadam alɛkˈsandɛr ˈpjus ɕɛnˈkʲɛvitʂ], Września schoolchildren who were protesting the banning of the Polish language, "The Nobel Peace Prize 1983. 5 maja 1846 w Woli Okrzejskiej, zm. [23], His Teutonic Knights returned to Poland's history,[23] describing the Battle of Grunwald (1410), a Polish-Lithuanian victory over the Teutonic Knights in the Polish-Lithuanian-Teutonic War. In Desert and Wilderness, published in 1911, is a novel by Polish author Henryk Sienkiewicz, winner of the 1905 Nobel Prize in Literature. Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz herbu Oszyk, kryptonim „Litwos”, „Musagetes”, pseudonim „Juliusz Polkowski”, „K. Henryk Sienkiewicz, Writer: Quo Vadis. Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz, also known as “Litwos”, was a Polish journalist and Nobel Prize-winning novelist. [17], From 1883 he increasingly shifted his focus from short pieces to historical novels. Henryk Sienkiewicz was born on May 5, 1846 in Wola Okrzejska, Poland, Russian Empire as Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz. [18] In 1904 he married his niece, Maria Babska. Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz (5 tháng 5 năm 1846 - 15 tháng 11 năm 1916) là nhà văn Ba Lan đoạt giải Nobel Văn học năm 1905. [28] The cause of death was ischemic heart disease. He is best remembered for his historical novels, especially for his internationally known best-seller Quo Vadis (1896). [4] In 1869 he debuted as a journalist; Przegląd Tygodniowy (1866–1904) (The Weekly Review) ran his review of a play on 18 April 1869, and shortly afterward The Illustrated Weekly printed an essay of his about the late-Renaissance Polish poet Mikołaj Sęp Szarzyński. A brilliant Polish writer and patriot, he is possibly best known abroad for his monumental historical epic Quo Vadis that portrays the vibrant and dissonant combination of cruel excesses and decadence of Rome during the reign of the corrupt Emperor Nero and the high faith of the emerging era of early Christianity. Initially titled Wilcze gniazdo (The Wolf's Lair), it appeared in serial installments in The Word from May 1883 to March 1884. [12] He briefly lived in the town of Anaheim, later in Anaheim Landing (now Seal Beach, California). It is said that Sienkiewicz was inspired to write his novel Quo Vadis while sitting in this church. [12] It was a short-lived marriage, however, because on 18 August 1885 Maria died of tuberculosis. [41] Nonetheless, the Polish historian of literature Henryk Markiewicz, writing the Polski słownik biograficzny (Polish Biographical Dictionary) entry on Sienkiewicz (1997), describes him as a master of Polish prose, as the foremost Polish writer of historical fiction, and as Poland's internationally best-known writer. [12] He also continued writing journalistic pieces, mainly in The Polish Gazette and Niwa. Heraldyka szlachecka. Pan Michael. [4][5] Little is known about this period of his life, other than that he moved out of his parents' home, tutored part-time, and lived in poverty. [23] The names of his characters were given to a variety of products. [29], There are three museums dedicated to him in Poland. He soon became one of the most popular Polish writers of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, and numerous translations gained him international renown, culminating in his receipt of the 1905 Nobel Prize in Literature for his "outstanding merits as an epic writer.". Read 1 064 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. [28] Soon after, he left for Switzerland. [18] In 1892 Sienkiewicz signed an agreement for another novel, Rodzina Połanieckich (Children of the Soil), which was serialized in The Polish Gazette from 1893 and came out in book form in 1894. [11] His travels were financed by Gazeta Polska (The Polish Gazette) in exchange for a series of travel essays: Sienkiewicz wrote Listy z podróży (Letters from a Journey) and Listy Litwosa z Podróży (Litwos' Letters from a Journey), which were published in The Polish Gazette in 1876–78 and republished as a book in 1880. [28][29], In 1924, after Poland had regained her independence, Sienkiewicz's remains were repatriated to Warsaw, Poland, and placed in the crypt of St. John's Cathedral. [12] He first stayed in London, then for a year in Paris, delaying his return to Poland due to rumors of possible conscription into the Imperial Russian Army on the eve of a predicted new war with Turkey. Acceptance Speech", "Muzeum Henryka Sienkiewicza w Woli Okrzejskiej", Works of Henryk Sienkiewicz at Polish Wikisource, the Henryk Sienkiewicz Museum in Oblegorek, 4 Polish Writers Who Won the Nobel Prize in Literature, Newspaper clippings about Henryk Sienkiewicz, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henryk_Sienkiewicz&oldid=1000994523, Russian Empire people of Lipka Tatar descent, Corresponding Members of the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Honorary Members of the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Members of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Burials at St. John's Archcathedral, Warsaw, Articles with Polish-language sources (pl), Nobelprize template using Wikidata property P8024, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 17 January 2021, at 19:06. [12], His "Latarnik" ("The Lighthouse keeper", 1881) has been described as one of the best Polish short stories. [12][16] In late summer 1879 he went to Venice and Rome, which he toured for the next few weeks, on 7 November 1879 returning to Warsaw. [29] He has statues in a number of Polish cities, including Warsaw's Łazienki Park (the first statue was erected at Zbaraż, now in Ukraine),[29] and in Rome[38] A Sienkiewcz Mound stands at Okrzeja, near his birthplace, Wola Okrzejska. [29] During the coffin's transit, solemn memorial ceremonies were held in a number of cities. [19] He supported educational endeavors and co-founded the Polska Macierz Szkolna organization. [12] In late 1881 he became editor-in-chief of a new Warsaw newspaper, Słowo (The Word). The Trilogy and Quo Vadis have been filmed, the latter several times, with Hollywood's 1951 version receiving the most international recognition. [22], These views informed his novel Quo Vadis (1896). [11] In June that year, he became co-owner of Niwa (in 1878, he would sell his share in the magazine). [34], Sienkiewicz often carried out substantial historic research for his novels, but he was selective in the findings that made it into the novels. The novel was serialized, beginning in March 1895, in Warsaw's Polish Gazette, Kraków's Czas (Time), and Poznań's Dziennik Poznański (Poznań Daily). [23] The Trilogy went through many translations; With Fire and Sword saw at least 26 in his lifetime. Polish journalist and Nobel Prize-winning novelist (1846-1916). Hardcover. [12] His most common motif was the plight of the powerless: impoverished peasants, schoolchildren, emigrants. [23] The American translator Jeremiah Curtin has been credited with helping popularize his works abroad. Sienkiewicz, Henryk Born May 5, 1846, in Wola Okrzejska, in Podlasia; died Nov. 15, 1916, in Vevey, Switzerland. [22] During the Revolution in the Kingdom of Poland, he advocated broader Polish autonomy within the Russian Empire. [31] However, as Russia (of which Sienkiewicz was a citizen) was not a signatory to the Berne Convention, he rarely received any royalties from the translations. [11][13] The last three are known as the "Little Trilogy". Sienkiewicz was born on 5 May 1846 in Wola Okrzejska, now a village in the central part of eastern Polish region of Lubelskie, then part of the Russian Empire. Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz (US: /ʃɛnˈkjeɪvɪtʃ, -jɛv-/ shen-KYAY-vitch, -KYEV-itch,[1][2][3] Polish: [ˈxɛnrɨk ˈadam alɛkˈsandɛr ˈpjus ɕɛnˈkʲɛvitʂ]; 5 May 1846 – 15 November 1916), also known by the pseudonym Litwos [ˈlitfɔs], was a Polish journalist, novelist and Nobel Prize laureate. [11] He also collaborated on a Polish translation, published in 1874, of Victor Hugo's last novel, Ninety-Three. Outside Poland, Sienkiewicz's popularity declined beginning in the interbellum, except for Quo Vadis, which retained relative fame thanks to several film adaptations, including a notable American one in 1951. [19][20] In 1905 he received the most prestigious award in the world of literature, the Nobel Prize, after having been nominated in that year by Hans Hildebrand, member of the Swedish Academy. Quo Vadis: A Narrative of the Time of Nero, commonly known as Quo Vadis, is a historical novel written by Henryk Sienkiewicz in Polish. [19] A jubilee committee presented him with a gift from the Polish people: an estate at Oblęgorek, near Kielce,[19] where he later opened a school for children. Background. AKA Henryk Adam Alexander Pius Sienkiewicz. [13] These publications made him a prominent figure in Warsaw's journalistic-literary world, and a guest at popular dinner parties hosted by actress Helena Modrzejewska. [11][12] His early works focused on three themes: the oppression and poverty of the peasants ("Charcoal Sketches", 1877); criticism of the partitioning powers ("Z pamiętnika korepetytora", "Janko Muzykant" ["Janko the Musician"], 1879); and his voyage to the United States ("Za chlebem", "For Bread", 1880). [16], His novel With Fire and Sword (1883–84) was enthusiastically received by readers (as were the next two volumes of The Trilogy), becoming an "instant classic", though critical reception was lukewarm. [16], Sienkiewicz soon began writing the second volume of his Trilogy, Potop (The Deluge). [23][30] So, the book quickly became another Sienkiewicz bestseller in Poland, and was received by critics better than his Trilogy had been; it was also applauded by the Polish right-wing, anti-German National Democracy political movement, and became part of the Polish school curriculum after Poland regained independence in 1918. Poland, Prize motivation: "because of his outstanding merits as an epic writer. [23] Quo Vadis became extremely popular, in at least 40 different language translations, including English-language editions totaling a million copies. [28] His funeral was attended by representatives of both the Central Powers and the Entente, and an address by Pope Benedict XV was read. [4] This was followed by Humoreski z teki Woroszyłły (Humorous Sketches from Woroszyłła's Files, 1872), Stary Sługa (The Old Servant, 1875), Hania (Sienkiewicz) (1876) and Selim Mirza (1877). [21][22] In the cultural sphere, he was involved in the creation of the Kraków and Warsaw monuments to Adam Mickiewicz. Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz (5. toukokuuta 1846 Wola Okrzejska, Puola – 15. marraskuuta 1916 Vevey, Sveitsi) oli puolalainen toimittaja, kirjailija ja Nobelin kirjallisuuspalkinnon saaja eeppisten kirjallisten ansioidensa vuoksi. [12] A dozen years later, in 1893, he wrote that novels should strengthen and ennoble life, rather than undermining and debasing it. Dobrzyński” (naskiĝis la 5-an de majo 1846 en vilaĝo Wola Okrzejska (distrikto Łukowski), Pollando; mortis la 15-an de novembro 1916 en Vevej, Svislando) estis tatardevena pola vojaĝisto, ĵurnalisto kaj verkisto-erudiciulo, laŭreato de la Nobel-premio pri literaturo (1905). Henryk Sienkiewicz Hänet muistetaan parhaiten historiallisista romaaneistaan. Henryk Sienkiewicz. Gałąź rodziny tatarskiej osiadłej na Litwie, przyjęła chrzest i uzyskała nobilitację z herbem Oszyk w osobie Michała Sienkiewicza. He is best remembered for his historical novels, especially for his internationally known best-seller Quo Vadis (1896). [12], In April 1879 Sienkiewicz returned to Polish soil. [28] He also supported the work of the Red Cross. 2001. p. 72. [12] In 1881 he published a favorable review of the first collected edition of works by Bolesław Prus. [29] They have also been adapted for Polish films and television series. [4] His family moved several times, and young Henryk spent his childhood on family estates in Grabowce Górne, Wężyczyn and Burzec. On 13 December 1895 he obtained papal consent to dissolution of the marriage. because of his outstanding merits as an epic writer. With Fire And Sword: An Historical Novel Of Poland And Russia Henryk Sienkiewicz. Sienkiewicz’s family owned a small estate but lost everything and moved to Warsaw, where Sienkiewicz studied literature, history, and philology at Warsaw University. Nobel-díj (1905) Henryk Sienkiewicz aláírása: A Wikimédia Commons tartalmaz Henryk Sienkiewicz témájú médiaállományokat. [17], Sienkiewicz kept a diary, but it has been lost. [16] He paid less and less attention to his post of editor-in-chief, resigning it in 1887 but remaining editor of the paper's literary section until 1892. The story takes place in northeastern Africa during the 1880s. The Nobel Prize in Literature 1905, Born: 5 May 1846, Wola Okrzejska, Poland, Died: 15 November 1916, Vevey, Switzerland, Residence at the time of the award: His mother descended from an old and affluent Podlachian family. [19][36][37], Named for Sienkiewicz, in Poland, are numerous streets and squares (the first street to bear his name was in Lwów, in 1907). [17], In 1886, he visited Istanbul; in 1888, Spain. NobelPrize.org. [18], Sienkiewicz used his growing international fame to influence world opinion in favor of the Polish cause (throughout his life and since the late 18th century, Poland remained partitioned by her neighbors, Russia, Austria and Prussia, later Germany). – Vevey, 1916. november 15.) [4], Due to the hard times, 19-year-old Sienkiewicz took a job as tutor to the Weyher family in Płońsk. [29] The first, the Henryk Sienkiewicz Museum in Oblęgorek (his residence), opened in 1958. Według dokumentu wydanego w Radomiu 6 lutego 1782 protoplastą tej rodziny był Piotr Oszyk Sienkiewicz. [11], In America he also continued writing fiction, in 1877 publishing Szkice węglem (Charcoal Sketches) in The Polish Gazette. Ông thường ký … [16], In 1880 Sienkiewicz wrote a historical novella, Niewola tatarska (Tartar Captivity). [4] He had five siblings: an older brother, Kazimierz (died during January Uprising), and four sisters, Aniela, Helena, Zofia and Maria. Birthplace: Wola Okrzejska, Poland Location of death: Vevey, Switzerland Cause o. Henryk Sienkiewicz wrote short stories, edited a daily newspaper, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1905, for writing several sweeping epic novels. The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). Quote: "Rodzina Sienkiewiczów vel Sieńkiewiczów wywodzi się z tatarów zawołżańskich, zapisani do tzw. [11] Soon after he returned, his fiancée's parents cancelled the engagement. 1905 Henryk Sienkiewicz. [23], In 1900, with a three-year delay due to the approaching centenary of Mickiewicz's birth, Sienkiewicz celebrated his own quarter-century, begun in 1872, as a writer. Look for popular awards and laureates in different fields, and discover the history of the Nobel Prize. [40] The third opened in 1978 at Poznań.[29]. Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz de Oszyk, nado en Wola Okrzejska o 5 de maio de 1846 e finado en Vevey o 15 de novembro de 1916, [1] foi un escritor polaco, Premio Nobel de Literatura en 1905.. Foi o quinto premio Nobel (1905) na historia do galardón e o primeiro de Europa Oriental. Language: Polish Prize share: 1/1 [29], Sienkiewicz's early works (e.g., the 1872 Humoreski z teki Woroszyłły) show him a strong supporter of Polish Positivism, endorsing constructive, practical characters such as an engineer. [23] This story of early Christianity in Rome, with protagonists struggling against the Emperor Nero's regime, draws parallels between repressed early Christians and contemporary Poles; and, due to its focus on Christianity, it became widely popular in the Christian West. [16] The year 1882 saw him heavily engaged in the running of the newspaper, in which he published a number of columns and short stories. [29] He has been featured on a number of postage stamps. [4] It was probably in this period that he wrote his first novel, Ofiara (Sacrifice); he is thought to have destroyed the manuscript of the never-published novel. Henryk Sienkiewicz was born on May 5, 1846 in Wola Okrzejska, Poland, Russian Empire as Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz. Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz de Oszyk /ˈxɛnrɨk ˈadam alɛˈksandɛr ˈpʲus ɕɛnˈkʲevʲitʂ de ˈɔʂɨk/;(n. 5 mai 1846, Wola Okrzejska[*] , Podlasie Governorate[*] , Imperiul Rus – d. 15 noiembrie 1916, Vevey, Vaud, Elveția) a fost un romancier și nuvelist polonez, unul dintre cei mai mari prozatori polonezi, laureat al Premiului Nobel pentru Literatură în 1905 [12] He wrote a play, Na przebój, soon retitled Na jedną kartę (On a Single Card), later staged at Lviv (1879) and, to a better reception, at Warsaw (1881). [11][12], Meanwhile, in 1872, he had debuted as a fiction writer with his short novel Na marne (In Vain), published in the magazine Wieniec (magazine) (Garland). [21] Unlike most other Polish Positivist writers, Sienkiewicz was a conservative. [4][6][7][8] His parents were Józef Sienkiewicz (1813–96) of the Oszyk coat of arms and Stefania Cieciszowska (1820–73). ", Jan Ciechanowicz. [30][32], It is often incorrectly asserted that Sienkiewicz received his Nobel Prize for Quo Vadis. [24], In 1905 he won a Nobel Prize for his lifetime achievements as an epic writer. ", To cite this section Several outreach organisations and activities have been developed to inspire generations and disseminate knowledge about the Nobel Prize. [17] At the end of 1890 he went to Africa, resulting in Listy z Afryki (Letters from Africa, published in The Word in 1891–92, then collected as a book in 1893). [19], Already in his lifetime his works were adapted for theatrical, operatic and musical presentations and for the emerging film industry. [17] The Trilogy's patriotism worried the censors; Warsaw's Russian censor I. Jankul warned Sienkiewicz that he would not allow publication of any further works of his dealing with Polish history. [16][17][21][30] The Trilogy is set in 17th-century Poland. [16] The couple had two children, Henryk Józef (1882–1959) and Jadwiga Maria (1883–1969). See Wikimedia Commons 26 March 2012 photo by user:Muhammad: [File:Sienkiewicz in rome.JPG]. [16][17] It also ran concurrently in the Kraków newspaper, Czas (Time). [28], About the turn of the 20th century, Sienkiewicz was the most popular writer in Poland, and one of the most popular in Germany, France, Russia, and the English-speaking world. In 1905 Henryk Sienkiewicz received a Nobel Prize in literature for his patriotic Trilogy inspiring a new sense of hope. [4] His family were entitled to use the Polish Oszyk coat of arms. Tasked with a mission to manage Alfred Nobel's fortune and has ultimate responsibility for fulfilling the intentions of Nobel's will. [17] Sienkiewicz used the money to set up a fund, named for his wife and supervised by the Academy of Learning, to aid artists endangered by tuberculosis. [35] In the United States, Quo Vadis sold 800,000 copies in eighteen months.